The Bangladesh Bank (BB) has allowed banks to facilitate the business recovery of struggling borrowers by easing down payment requirements and extending implementation deadlines under its policy support schemes.

The BB issued a circular in this regard yesterday, saying the decision was taken following applications from various banks and stakeholders seeking flexibility in implementing earlier policy instructions.

Senior bankers welcomed the decision, saying it could help distressed industries regain momentum. But they also warned that some wilful defaulters might try to exploit the softer terms.

Under the revised rules, eligible borrowers may now pay their required down payment in instalments. Half of the stipulated amount must be paid at the time of approval, with the remaining 50 percent due within six months of the effective date.

The BB also said that if policy support has already been approved but could not be implemented due to valid reasons, banks may extend the previously fixed deadline by up to three months. In addition, regarding interest-related issues, banks have been instructed to make decisions in line with existing policies, based on banker-customer relationships and applicable guidelines.

In January last year, the central bank formed a five-member committee, led by the executive director of the Department of Offsite Supervision, to provide necessary policy support for restructuring or rescheduling corporate borrowers who defaulted due to factors beyond their control.

The committee’s process of holding tripartite meetings with borrowing institutions or groups and financing institutions concluded on September 30 last year.

On September 16, the BB issued a unified special loan rescheduling policy to maintain economic growth and assist borrowers who had defaulted due to circumstances beyond their control.

About 300 companies, including top defaulter conglomerates, applied to the BB for loan rescheduling or restructuring facilities totalling around Tk 2 lakh crore in the first nine months of last year.

Syed Mahbubur Rahman, managing director and CEO of Mutual Trust Bank Ltd, said the flexibility by the BB may help sick industries recover and return to business in this tough time. The economy is going through stress, he said.

However, bankers cautioned that wilful defaulters may take advantage of the policy support extended to enable sick and affected firms to return to business. As the provision has become general, there is a risk that wilful defaulters and those who did not qualify earlier will receive the support.

Anis A Khan, a former chairman of the Association of Bankers, Bangladesh (ABB), said this would give breathing space to affected businesses to restore their production and services to normal levels after the formation of an elected government.

“It is imperative that businesses take this opportunity to rebuild their frayed infrastructure,” he said.

The dollar declined in volatile trading on Friday and was poised to snap a four-session streak of gains after the US Supreme Court struck down President Donald Trump’s sweeping tariffs based on a national emergency law.

The justices, in a 6-3 ruling authored by conservative Chief Justice John Roberts, upheld a lower court’s decision that the Republican president’s use of this 1977 law exceeded his authority.

The dollar was initially higher on the day after US economic data showed a higher-than-anticipated inflation reading while economic growth fell well short of expectations.

The Commerce Department said gross domestic product increased at a 1.4 percent annualized rate last quarter, much lower than the 3 percent growth pace estimate of economists polled by Reuters. Analysts noted, however, that the number was negatively impacted by the government shutdown.

“The majority of this week has been dollar positive, except for right now, and why I’d say the ‘sell America’ trade got a little ahead of itself,” said Erik Bregar, director of FX and precious metals risk management at Silver Gold Bull in Toronto.

“We have to see how Trump responds, how (Treasury Secretary Scott) Bessent responds, how the administration responds. We’ve heard all this talk that they have other ways of instituting these tariffs.”

Trump said in a briefing after the ruling that he would sign an order to impose a 10 percent global tariff under Section 122 of the 1974 Trade Act and would initiate several other investigations as well, while Bessent said that estimates by the department show the use of section 122 authority, combined with potentially enhanced section 232 and section 301 tariffs will result in virtually unchanged tariff revenue in 2026.

Separately, the personal consumption expenditures price index, excluding the volatile food and energy components, rose 0.4 percent, the Commerce Department said, after an unrevised 0.2 percent gain in November and above the 0.3 percent estimate. It rose 3 percent in the 12 months through December after a 2.8 percent climb in November.

Tianford Bangladesh Textile Co Ltd, a China (Hong Kong)-based firm, is set to establish a readymade garment (RMG) manufacturing unit inside Nilphamari’s Uttara Export Processing Zone (EPZ) with an investment of $19.59 million.

The company signed a land lease agreement with the Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (Bepza) yesterday at the Bepza Complex in Dhaka, according to a press release.

The project is expected to create employment opportunities for 3,254 Bangladeshi nationals.

On 24,000 square metres of land, the company will manufacture 7 million pieces of woven and knit garments annually, including bottoms, shirts, jeans, jackets, and sweaters.

The products will be exported to major global markets, including the USA, Canada, Japan, China, Australia, Brazil, the UK, and the EU.

The company will manufacture 7 million pieces of woven and knit garments annually, including bottoms, shirts, jeans, jackets, and sweaters
Md Tanvir Hossain, executive director for investment promotion of Bepza, and Ge Zhenyu, nominee director of Tianford Bangladesh Textile, signed the agreement on behalf of their respective organisations.

Bepza Executive Chairman Major General Mohammad Moazzem Hossain, who witnessed the signing, said the new government has assumed office with a strong focus on promoting investment.

He reaffirmed Bepza’s commitment to providing modern, investor-oriented services and encouraged the firm to source quality raw materials locally to strengthen domestic industries.

Ge Zhenyu expressed confidence in Bangladesh as an attractive destination for global investors. He informed that factory construction will commence in April this year, with exports expected to begin next year.

From Bepza, Md Imtiaz Hossain, member (engineering); ANM Foyzul Haque, member (finance); Md Tanvir Hossain, executive director (investment promotion); and Mohammad Anamul Haque, project director, were also present at the signing ceremony.

Bangladesh’s plea for deferment of graduation from the group of Least Developed Countries (LDC) category is likely to be discussed at the five-day meeting of the UN Committee for Development Policy (CDP) beginning in New York today.

Before leaving the country to attend the meeting, Debapriya Bhattacharya, head of the Enhanced Monitoring Mechanism (EMM), a body of the UN CDP, said they will set up an evaluation process for Bangladesh’s plea for LDC deferment for three more years.

Debapriya, who is also a distinguished fellow of the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), said the request will be assessed based on recent socio-economic data, cross-country experiences and progress of the implementation of the Smooth Transition Strategy (STS), the guidebook of the LDC graduation.

UN CDP members will also widely discuss the country statements of graduating and recently graduated countries. Bangladesh submitted a country statement to the UN CDP describing the country’s economic situation in November last year.

Bangladesh is scheduled to graduate from LDC to a developing nation on November 24 this year, as the country has passed all three required criteria for two consecutive assessments, and the third assessment is ongoing.

However, the newly formed government sent a letter to the UN CDP on Wednesday requesting a deferment of the country’s graduation for three more years, as local businessmen have urged for more time to take extensive preparations for a smooth graduation.

Currently, Bangladesh enjoys zero-duty access for 73 percent of its exports as part of LDC provisions. After LDC graduation, this preferential market access will be lost, and Bangladesh may lose 14 percent of its exports or $8.0 billion worth of business in a year, different studies have suggested.

Nepal and Lao PDR are also scheduled to graduate along with Bangladesh this year, but they have not applied for deferment.

The National Board of Revenue (NBR) has started budget-related work for the fiscal year 2026-27 and has sought proposals from business bodies and other relevant organisations.

According to the NBR, letters have already been sent on 18 February from the budget-related departments asking them to submit their proposals and recommendations on the budget to the NBR by 15 March.

In a letter to the business bodies, signed by Barrister Badruzzaman Munshi, second secretary of the NBR's VAT wing, the agency said, "You are requested to send your organisation's opinions with the aim of rationalising the tax-to-GDP ratio, facilitating ease of doing business, and resolving procedural complexities."

Sources at the NBR said pre-budget discussions with business representatives and other stakeholders may begin by the last week of this month in preparation for the next budget. To this end, the NBR has also formed a committee, appointing a first secretary of NBR as the chief budget coordinator, sources said.

This will be the first budget for the new government led by the BNP. Although budgets during the previous two BNP governments were prepared under the leadership of late finance minister M Saifur Rahman, this time the budget will be prepared under the leadership of Finance Minister Amir Khasru Mahmud Chowdhury.

He has already provided preliminary directions during a meeting held last Saturday with officials from the NBR and other relevant departments regarding the budget, according to officials.

US investors are pulling money out of their own stock market at the fastest pace in at least 16 years as Big Tech returns fade and better-performing overseas markets look more attractive.

In the last six months, US-domiciled investors have pulled some $75 billion from US equity products, with $52 billion flowing out since the start of 2026 alone, the most in the first eight weeks of the year since at least 2010, according to LSEG/Lipper data.

The shift comes despite a weakening of the dollar against other currencies, which makes buying overseas assets more expensive for US investors. It's a compelling sign that the diversification away from US assets by some international investors in the past year is gaining traction among US investors.

Since the global financial crisis ended in 2009, the "buy America" trade has rewarded investors at home and abroad thanks to a strong economy and earnings growth and dominance in the tech sector leading to outsized gains in US stocks.

More recently, the AI boom pushed the S&P 500 index to record highs last year, a strong buffer from US President Donald Trump's unpredictable approach to trade policy and diplomacy, as well as his attempts to undermine Federal Reserve independence.

Looking further afield

But as concerns have grown about the possible risks from AI, as well as the costs involved, the lure of Wall Street stocks has ebbed. The surge in value in the US megacap tech stocks that have led gains until now are making investors pickier and many are spotting more attractive opportunities elsewhere.

Bank of America's 20 February fund manager survey showed investors switched from US equities to emerging market equities at the fastest rate in five years.

"I've had lots of conversations with our wealth business in the US this year," said UBS's head of European equity strategy and global derivatives strategy Gerry Fowler.

"They're all talking about investing more offshore because at the end of the year, they looked at the performance of foreign markets in dollars and they're like, wow, I'm missing out."

US investors have poured some $26 billion into emerging-market equities so far this year, with South Korea the largest single country destination, with an inflow of $2.8 billion, followed by Brazil, with $1.2 billion, LSEG/Lipper data shows.

One of the clear results of Trump's policies has been the 10% decline in the dollar against a basket of currencies since last January. While that is a disadvantage for US investors hunting for opportunities abroad, dividends in dollar terms from better performing overseas markets will also be plumped up.

In the last 12 months, the S&P 500 has risen around 14%. In dollar terms, Tokyo's Nikkei is up 43%, Europe's STOXX 600 has surged 26%, Shanghai's CSI 300 has returned 23% and Seoul's KOSPI has doubled in value.

Investors are also re-evaluating the seemingly unstoppable rally in the shares of artificial intelligence powerhouses like Nvidia, Meta and Microsoft and the risks posed by sky-high valuations. They are seeking 'value' in traditional industrial companies and defensive stocks which can feature heavily in some overseas equity markets such as those in Germany, the UK, Switzerland or Japan.

Value and valuation

Laura Cooper, global investment strategist at Nuveen, said the rotation on Wall Street away from tech and other so-called growth stocks into value stocks is playing out on a global level.

"Increasingly we are seeing US investors look at the global landscape from a valuation perspective," she said, flagging the cyclical growth upswing predominantly in Europe and Japan.

European banking stocks, one example of cyclical stocks that typically benefit when economic growth picks up, surged 67% last year and are up a further 4% so far in 2026.

"When you overlay the valuation story with the growth story, we are seeing that rotation for US investors as well," Cooper added.

US stocks are still far more expensive than those elsewhere. The S&P 500 trades at roughly 21.8 times the expected earnings of its components, while stocks in Europe trade at roughly 15 times forward earnings and those in Japan and China trade at 17 and 13.5 times respectively.

Kevin Thozet, portfolio adviser at Carmignac, said his team have observed that flows of US capital moving into Europe have accelerated since around mid-2025.

LSEG/Lipper data shows that since Trump's inauguration in January last year, US-domiciled investors have poured nearly $7 billion into European equity products, compared with an outflow of roughly $17 billion during the four years of Trump's first term from 2017 to 2021.

"If I'm taking a very long-term view, it's, maybe, this idea of a great global rotation," Thozet said.

Dhaka Stocks has lost momentum after an initial post-election rally, as institutional investors adopted a cautious stance amid growing expectations of a leadership change at the capital market regulator – a long-standing demand of retail investors.

The newly formed government has already begun searching for a new Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) chairman, as the existing commission, formed during the interim administration and headed by Khondoker Rashed Maqsood, failed to restore investor confidence.

The regulator is also likely to undergo restructuring, according to officials familiar with discussions at the finance ministry, as policymakers seek broader structural reforms in a market that has underperformed relative to the country's economic growth, frustrating both local and foreign investors.

Finance ministry sources said several private-sector professionals, along with a professor from the University of Dhaka, have shown interest in leading the commission. However, capital market stakeholders said they favour market-oriented leadership from the private sector due to bitter past experience.

The benchmark DSEX index climbed nearly 200 points to a five-month high on 15 February – the first trading session after the BNP's landslide victory in the 13th national election – reflecting initial investor optimism over the new government.

The upward trend, however, proved short-lived. The market turned negative from the very next session amid uncertainty over whether the existing commission would remain in place.

Finance Minister Amir Khosru Mahmud Chowdhury also hinted at restructuring the regulator in a recent comment, saying the current upward trend may reflect expectations of a democratic government, but stressing that only sustainable, structural reforms can ensure long-term stability.

Speaking to journalists at his residence in Mehedibag, Chattogram, on Friday – during his first visit to the port city after taking the oath as a minister in the new government – Khosru said temporary gains driven by sentiment would not bring fundamental change to the capital market.

The minister said the government planned comprehensive reforms, including amendments to laws and regulatory frameworks, while strengthening the role of the BSEC. He stressed the need to improve regulatory effectiveness, enhance transparency and adopt a zero-tolerance stance against irregularities.

Khosru also said efforts would be made to bring fundamentally strong and profitable companies to the stock market and attract both domestic and foreign investment funds to improve liquidity and rebuild investor confidence.

Investors seek market-friendly leadership

A senior banker at a private commercial bank told The Business Standard that the sharp rise on the first trading day after the election reflected investor confidence, particularly as shares linked to BNP-aligned business groups recorded notable gains.

Wishing not to be named, the banker said investors are expecting a restructuring of the commission, as the current chairman is seen as not market-friendly and has been unpopular from the outset due to creating distance from stakeholders.

"The government should appoint someone market-oriented to lead the regulatory body, either from market participants or from academia, like a finance professor," the official said.

Former banker Khondoker Rashed Maqsood assumed office as BSEC chairman following the regime change on 5 August 2024. During his roughly one-and-a-half-year tenure, he faced repeated protests from investors who accused the regulator of failing to revive market performance.

Stakeholders said trading activity weakened as key market players distanced themselves from the regulator, resulting in persistently low turnover. Moreover, no new initial public offerings (IPOs) entered the market under his leadership, further straining merchant banks.

Maqsood's commission also imposed what many described as unrealistic fines totalling nearly Tk1,000 crore on various companies and individuals over past corruption and market manipulation, creating negative sentiment among investors.

Longstanding governance concerns

While Asian frontier markets have grown rapidly, Bangladesh has lagged behind over the past 15 years under the leadership of former BSEC chairmen M Khairul Hossain and Shibli Rubayat Ul Islam, who critics say failed to establish proper governance in the market.

Both were finance professors at Dhaka University and faced allegations of corruption and collusion in market manipulation with certain stakeholders.

Shibli Rubayat, who resigned in August last year following the regime change, was arrested in February in a corruption case filed by the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC).

He was also permanently barred by the BSEC from all capital market activities over his involvement in a share price manipulation scheme linked to Padma Printers and Colour.

Khairul Hossain, who led the regulator from 2011 to early 2020, was criticised for approving numerous financially weak companies for IPOs, often at inflated prices, which analysts say eroded investor confidence despite strong macroeconomic growth at the time.

His successor, Shibli, who took charge in 2020, was accused of shifting focus away from strengthening the primary market and instead fostering alleged collusive ties with certain market players and insider traders, prioritising short-term gains in the secondary market over long-term stability.

Following what stakeholders describe as unsuccessful leadership by academic appointees, market participants are urging the government to choose a chairman with both technical market knowledge and public policy understanding.

A merchant banker, speaking on condition of anonymity, said investor distrust in the existing commission was evident in market performance during the interim government period.

He added that while university professors may have theoretical expertise, they often lack the practical experience of private sector players. He suggested the new commission should include a mix of academics and private sector professionals to help restore investor confidence.

The benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange rebounded slightly today (22 February), ending a four-session losing streak that began after the national election.

The DSEX, the bourse's main index, inched up by 2 points to close at 5,468. The modest gain came after sustained selling pressure in the previous four sessions, during which the index had fallen sharply amid post-election uncertainty and cautious investor sentiment.

The blue-chip DS30 index, which tracks 30 leading companies, performed relatively better, rising 6 points to settle at 2,104. The increase indicates selective buying interest in large-cap stocks, particularly those with strong fundamentals. In contrast, the Shariah-based DSES index slipped slightly by 0.30 points to close at 1,095, reflecting mixed performance among Shariah-compliant securities.

Market analysts attributed the modest recovery in the DSEX to bargain hunting by investors after consecutive declines. However, overall market movement remained subdued, signaling ongoing caution. Investors are carefully monitoring political developments and economic signals before taking significant positions.

Turnover on the Dhaka Stock Exchange rose by 1.43% to Tk568 crore, up from Tk560 crore in the previous session. Despite the slight rebound, both turnover and participation remained moderate, indicating that investor confidence has yet to fully recover.

Of the 388 issues traded during the session, 123 advanced, 194 declined, and 71 remained unchanged, showing a continued dominance of losing stocks. Analysts noted that the cautious sentiment reflects investor concerns over the post-election political and economic landscape.

Many investors preferred to remain on the sidelines, waiting for clearer signals regarding policy direction and the formation of a new securities commission. Uncertainty over regulatory leadership and upcoming reforms has also weighed on market sentiment.

Institutional investors appeared particularly hesitant to take fresh positions without greater clarity on policy continuity and market stabilization measures. Over the past year, prolonged political uncertainty and a series of regulatory decisions that failed to restore investor confidence have contributed to a sustained market downturn.

Retail investors exited the market in significant numbers, while institutional and high-net-worth investors largely remained inactive, causing the share prices of several fundamentally strong companies to decline.

Large-cap sectors displayed mixed performance today. The banking sector led the gains, rising 0.91%, followed by non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) with a 0.59% increase. The Food & Allied sector gained 0.15%, and Telecommunication edged up 0.08%.

In contrast, Fuel and Power fell 0.27%, Engineering declined 0.32%, and Pharmaceuticals dropped 0.73%. Block trades contributed 2.9% of the overall market turnover, highlighting selective large-volume transactions amid cautious trading.

Overall, Sunday's slight recovery offers limited relief, and the market remains sensitive to political developments, regulatory clarity, and macroeconomic updates. Investors are likely to continue taking a cautious approach in the coming sessions until more stable conditions emerge.

The Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) also closed lower, as the CSCX index down 16 points to 9,413, while the CASPI index shed 47 points to close at 15,302, reflecting negative sentiment across both bourses.

The government will hold talks with the United States Trade Representative (USTR) this week to determine whether the recently signed bilateral trade deal remains valid after America’s Supreme Court struck down a large swathe of President Donald Trump’s tariffs on Friday.

The US top court, in its ruling, declared that Trump had exceeded his authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) by imposing sweeping reciprocal tariffs without congressional approval. The ruling limits the president’s authority to impose tariffs under the law, and it is unclear whether agreements concluded under that authority remain valid.

Speaking to The Daily Star over the phone, Commerce Secretary Mahbubur Rahman said, “Firstly, we will observe their position and status of the previous trade agreement with the US.”

“We will also hold stakeholder meetings with the local business community to let them know about the agreement and the latest situation,” he added.

The interim government signed the American Reciprocal Tariff (ART) agreement on February 9, just three days before national elections, committing Bangladesh to importing substantial volumes of American goods to narrow the bilateral trade gap.

The haste was deliberate. When President Donald Trump announced his “Liberation Day” tariffs in April last year, setting Bangladesh’s rate at 37 percent, Dhaka watched rival exporters such as Vietnam and China move quickly to negotiate lower rates. Bangladesh eventually secured a 19 percent tariff after signing the deal.

Two pressures drove the rush, according to Secretary Rahman. The tariff rates being offered to competing countries were uneven, and Washington was pushing for a quick signature before a new government took office and potentially stalled negotiations.

Now, with the US court ruling, the legal ground has shifted.

“We will have to talk with the USTR first about whether the already signed agreement will be cancelled or not, as the deal was signed in reference to the presidential power under IEEPA,” Rahman said.

Meanwhile, following the court ruling, Trump slapped a new 15 percent tariff on all US imports and ordered new trade investigations that could lead to additional levies in the coming months, while insisting that trade and investment deals reached with nearly 20 countries -- most with higher tariffs -- should remain untouched.

Dhaka is proceeding carefully. If the new 15 percent universal tariff applies equally to all countries, Bangladesh sees little urgency to re-engage.

“In that case, Bangladesh will delay in negotiations with the US,” said the secretary, noting that should discriminatory rates re-emerge, the government intends to move quickly to secure a lower ceiling.

“This time Bangladesh will not send any letter quickly as it did earlier, and the government will go slowly now,” he added.

The USTR, for its part, signalled on February 20 that it intends to press ahead with Trump’s trade agenda by other means.

In a statement, it noted that between April and December 2025, America’s goods trade deficit fell 17 percentage points from a 40 percent deficit, in part due to deals that kept protective tariffs in place while opening foreign markets to American exports.

The office said it would launch fresh investigations under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, targeting practices it deems unfair, including industrial overcapacity, forced labour, pharmaceutical pricing, and discrimination against American technology firms.

“Our partners have been responsive and engaged in good-faith negotiations and agreements despite the pending litigation, and we are confident that all trade agreements negotiated by President Trump will remain in effect,” the USTR said.

The American Apparel and Footwear Association, in a separate statement issued on February 20, struck a different note, welcoming the court’s ruling and calling for swift refunds of tariffs it described as unlawfully collected.

“We are confident in Customs and Border Protection’s (CPB) ability to move quickly and provide clear guidance to American businesses on how to obtain refunds for tariffs that were unlawfully collected,” said Steve Lamar, the association’s president and chief executive.

“CBP’s recently modernised, fully electronic refund process should help to expedite this effort,” he added.

Current 2.0-percent mandatory down payment to get default loans regularised has been halved in a latest government measure to stem non-performing loan (NPL) buildup in Bangladesh's banking sector.

Bangladesh Bank (BB) Sunday issued a notification to this effect further easing the loan-rescheduling facility for the struggling borrowers under the policy supports.

The banking regulation and policy department of the central bank sent in the instructions to the commercial banks, directing them to allow half of the 2.0 per cent of the outstanding loans as down payment. And the remaining portion of the down payment may be collected within the next six months.

Under the existing regulation of the loan-rescheduling facility, the borrowers need to pay 2.0 per cent of their unpaid loans as down payment to avail of the facility. But the borrowers will not be allowed to show a paid loan installment or its part before submission of the application as special down payment.

Seeking anonymity, a BB official has said there are many banks which informed them that many borrowers who received policy supports have faced difficulties in paying 2.0-percent down payment in one go. As a matter of fact, the banks kept requesting them to relax the regulation.

"Considering their request, the central bank issued the instruction to the commercial lenders about the latest change in the down payment to facilitate the proceeding," he told The Financial Express.

The central banker also informed that they also extended the timeframe of executing the policy-support-related issues by three more months until March next.

On condition of not being quoted by name on the sensitive affairs, the managing director and chief executive officer of a private commercial bank said they had provided policy support to a group of classified borrowers under the BB-introduced policy-support mechanism under the BRPD circular-7.

But many of them cannot afford to pay 2.0 per cent of their outstanding loans as down payment in one go and the situation remains same to other commercial banks, according to him.

"So, we could not settle them (the borrowers). That's why the BB came up with such relaxation. This is a good move. Now we will be able to execute the loan-rescheduling facility," the seasoned banker said.

The BB allowed commercial banks to offer special rescheduling facility for up to 10 years with a two-year grace period to borrowers whose loans are classified as of December 2025, under a generous government bailout package, according to the banking regulators' policy-support-related circular.

Meanwhile, burgeoning NPLs stand as a serious concerns for the banking industry as the volume of classified loans accumulated to Tk 6.44 trillion by end of September last year-almost 36 per cent of the entire loans disbursed.

Amid growing NPLs, the central bank provided various facilities like policy supports to the struggling borrowers and partial write-off facility. The banking regulator keeps advising the banks to properly use the facilities to contain the growth of NPLs in the industry.

According to the BB sources, the NPL ratio was brought down to 30 per cent by end of December last. Now, the BB has asked the commercial banks to pay high focus on execution of the available facilities to cut it down below 25 per cent by upcoming March and it believes the down-payment-relaxation will help get to the goal.

Former lead economist of World Bank's Dhaka Office Dr Zahid Hossain says down payment is a pre-commitment of the borrowers to recovering the loss of credibility.

He terms 2.0-percent down payment very generous to begin with. "If you don't have this economic viability, how we can believe that they will repay the loans," he says.

"I also don't understand why the bankers are happy with such relaxation. It is good news for the default borrowers," the economist adds.

The Supreme Court's recent ruling has altered the economic foundation of Bangladesh's trade arrangement with the United States. The reciprocal tariff mechanism that once justified a set of demanding obligations has been struck down. The administration has responded with a temporary 10% global tariff that applies to all countries alike. By statute, this tariff can remain in place for no more than 150 days unless Congress authorises an extension.

As a result, the tariff burden tied to the bilateral deal has fallen sharply. It is natural to ask why we should continue to carry obligations that were tied to a benefit that no longer exists in the same form. The instinct to demand renegotiation is understandable, and the desire for fairness is real. But the moment calls for clear judgment.

The case for patience
When circumstances shift abruptly, the impulse is to act quickly. Yet this is precisely when restraint becomes a strategic asset. The United States is navigating a politically sensitive moment: a legal setback, a hurried policy adjustment, and an uncertain path forward. Pressing for renegotiation now risks being seen as taking advantage of a partner at a vulnerable moment. That perception, even if unintended, can trigger reactions that are not strictly economic — regulatory scrutiny, administrative slowdowns, and other measures that fall outside the tariff framework. These tools remain fully available to Washington today.

Equally important is the uncertainty surrounding the status of the bilateral deal itself. The Supreme Court ruling removed the tariff instrument, but it did not automatically void the agreement. The obligations Bangladesh accepted do not rest on the same legal foundation as the reciprocal tariff. Assuming the deal has collapsed would be a serious misreading of the situation. Such an assumption could lead to missteps — provoking confrontation or relaxing compliance too soon. Until the United States clarifies its position, Bangladesh must proceed on the basis that the deal remains in force, even if its economic logic has weakened.

There is also a more structural risk that must be acknowledged. Bangladesh could find itself placed under the "unfair trade practices" category, a designation that allows the United States to impose tariffs under a different statute — tariffs that can reach levels far higher than the current 10%. Bangladesh is exposed on several fronts — labour standards, environmental compliance, and supply-chain transparency. None of these issues are new, but in a tense political climate they can be invoked to justify punitive measures. This is not a reason to retreat from seeking a fairer deal; it is a reason to choose the moment carefully.

Bangladesh can reduce its exposure with steady, practical steps. Strengthening labour-inspection systems, improving documentation of workplace conditions, and ensuring credible third-party verification of compliance would help close the gaps that often invite scrutiny. Environmental reporting can be made more transparent, especially in sectors where buyers already demand traceability. And coordination with industry to maintain consistent standards across factories would make it harder for isolated lapses to be framed as systemic failures. None of this guarantees immunity, but it places Bangladesh on firmer ground if allegations arise.

A better moment will come

The broader strategic logic still favours patience. When the environment is unsettled, the value of time increases. The United States will need to rebuild its trade architecture in the wake of the ruling. It will have to decide whether to craft new bilateral arrangements, adjust the temporary tariff, or seek congressional authority for a more durable framework. In that period, Bangladesh will not be approaching a wounded partner but engaging one ready to redesign. That is when our voice will carry more weight, and our demands will be seen as part of a forward-looking conversation rather than a reaction to a moment of weakness.

Bangladesh should prepare its position now — identify which clauses are unacceptable, articulate the imbalance created by the new tariff reality, and build a coherent case for a fairer arrangement. But preparation is not the same as provocation. The wiser course is to maintain a calm, neutral posture while the United States clarifies its next steps.

When Washington begins shaping its post-ruling trade strategy, Bangladesh can then make a principled, confident case for revisiting the terms. At that moment, renegotiation will not be an act of pressure but an act of alignment.

The public's desire for a fairer deal is legitimate. The government is right to prepare for one. But the country will gain more by choosing the right moment than the loudest one. The cost of moving too early is far greater than the cost of waiting. Bangladesh must choose timing over impulse — leverage over noise.

Zahid Hussain is a former lead economist of The World Bank, Dhaka Office

Newly appointed Finance Minister Amir Khosru Mahmud Chowdhury has instructed the authorities to ensure that the government's election pledges are reflected in the upcoming national budget, signalling the administration's intent to implement its commitments from the very first fiscal year.

He directed policymakers to move forward with budget preparations in a way that clearly demonstrates progress on campaign promises. The instructions were placed at a meeting held between the minister and officials from departments under the ministry at the Secretariat yesterday.

According to officials present at the meeting, Amir Khosru emphasised that the budget for FY2026-27, due to be unveiled in June, should visibly align with commitments made in the election manifesto of the BNP.

A senior finance ministry official, speaking to The Business Standard on condition of anonymity, said, "The finance minister has asked us to proceed with budget formulation so that the government's election pledges are reflected in the imminent budget."

Among the BNP's key economic promises were accelerating growth and investment, generating employment for youth, ensuring policy stability in trade and commerce, and reforming the revenue system.

The party also pledged to increase spending on health and education to above 5% of GDP — a move that would require significant additional fiscal resources.

One of the most discussed commitments at yesterday's meeting was the introduction of a nationwide "Family Card" programme. Implementing the scheme could require additional annual government spending ranging between Tk12, 000 crore and Tk24, 000 crore, according to officials familiar with preliminary estimates.

The BNP has also promised to waive agricultural loans of up to Tk10, 000, a measure that would carry substantial fiscal implications. Other commitments included keeping commodity prices stable, expanding support programmes for low- and middle-income groups, and ensuring stability in fuel and food supply chains.

Tarique Rahman-led government is set to present its first budget in June, leaving roughly three to three-and-a-half months for preparation. Officials said that not all promises would be implemented within a single fiscal year.

However, the finance minister wants the budget to clearly signal the government's policy direction and commitment to delivery.

Economy in 'difficult, stagnant' state; reforms, participatory budget top priorities: Khasru

In addition to expenditure priorities, Amir Khosru has set an ambitious revenue target, instructing the National Board of Revenue to take effective measures to raise the tax-to-GDP ratio to 8% in the next FY.

Describing the target as highly ambitious, a senior NBR official from the tax policy wing said achieving the 8% ratio within a year would require revenue growth of nearly 50%, which he termed "unrealistic" under current economic conditions.

"There has not been such a surge in economic activity that revenue collection could increase at that pace," he said.

According to NBR data, the tax-to-GDP ratio fell to 6.7% in FY2024-25. Over the past two decades, revenue collection has grown by an average of around 15% annually. Despite that growth, the ratio has stagnated or declined, prompting calls from within the revenue authority for more accurate GDP estimation.

Meanwhile, Towfiqul Islam Khan, additional director (research) at the Centre for Policy Dialogue, told this newspaper that implementing the BNP's election pledges would require revenue to grow at a high rate.

"Such growth is not impossible," he said, "but it will require extensive reforms."

Although a recent event organised by the Citizen's Platform for SDGs, Bangladesh, recommended revising the current budget for the remainder of the fiscal year.

NBR Chairman Abdur Rahman Khan, however, said the issue was not discussed at yesterday's meeting.

Local business leaders have urged the government to review the country’s reciprocal trade agreement with the United States after the US Supreme Court on Friday ruled that Trump’s sweeping emergency tariffs are illegal.

The trade deal, signed on February 9 by the interim government, had already been facing criticism. Businesses and economists argued that Bangladesh conceded too much in return for a reduction of the reciprocal tariff to 19 percent.

Besides, the deal was signed just two days before the national election, prompting questions over whether such a commitment should have been left to an elected government.

The court ruling has now complicated matters for countries that have already signed deals with the US.

By invalidating parts of the tariff regime and prompting President Trump to introduce a fresh 10 percent global duty under a separate legal authority, the ruling has cast worldwide uncertainty over how existing bilateral arrangements will operate.

Amid this chaos and confusion, Mohammad Hatem, president of the Bangladesh Knitwear Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BKMEA), described the pact as “uneven”.

“The recently signed reciprocal trade agreement with the US is, in my view, an unequal deal. It should be reviewed to ensure that Bangladesh’s interests are adequately protected,” he said.

While the tariff agreement provides zero tariff access for products manufactured with US raw materials, Hatem said the benefit is conditional and limited. “In exchange, Bangladesh appears to have conceded on several difficult conditions,” he added.

After the court ruling, he now questioned the practical value of the new 10 percent levy. “It is still unclear how long this will continue,” he said, noting that the additional duty offers no distinct advantage to Bangladesh exporters.

AK Azad, managing director of Ha-Meem Group, said the legal development in Washington raises a more fundamental issue. “The court has struck down the tariff framework. If that is no longer in place, then what happens to the agreement signed just before the election?” he asked.

Azad said it is unclear whether the agreement automatically loses force following the ruling.

He suggested that the 10 percent global tariff could also face legal challenge, though he does not expect a sharp immediate impact on Bangladesh exports. Even if the agreement remains intact, he said, the government should reassess its options.

Anwar Ul Alam Chowdhury (Parvez), president of the Bangladesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said the US retains multiple statutory tools to shape trade policy.

Although certain tariff measures were declared unlawful, Washington has already invoked alternative provisions to impose the 10 percent duty and could initiate further trade investigations, he commented.

“They have multiple options at their disposal. We cannot predict which instruments they may use next,” he said.

In that context, Parvez questioned the haste in finalising the agreement and urged policymakers to prepare a clear negotiating strategy grounded in US trade law. “We need proper preparation and a realistic evaluation of our commitments,” he said.

Taskeen Ahmed, president of the Dhaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DCCI), also criticised the timing of the deal, describing the decision to sign it days before the election as “not prudent.”

“Such an agreement should ideally have been advanced by an elected government after carefully weighing all implications,” he said.

Ahmed said the DCCI has asked the new government to explore ways to review the arrangement. He said further measures from Washington could follow and that the agreement might affect Bangladesh’s trade relations with major partners such as China and India.

“The government should strategically assess the broader trade implications before moving forward,” he said.

Riad Mahmud, managing director of National Polymer Industries PLC, said Bangladesh could find itself in a stronger position if the agreement is rendered void as a result of the US court decision. However, there are several uncertainties.

There is confusion, he said, over whether the agreement lapses automatically or remains legally binding despite changes in the US tariff framework.

Asif Ibrahim, vice-chairman of Newage Group of Industries, described the ruling as a significant development in US trade policy.

He said businesses value stability, transparency and rule-based systems, which underpin investment decisions and long-term planning.

“The United States remains a valued and strategic trading partner for Bangladesh,” he said. “We hope both governments will continue constructive engagement to ensure predictable market access, strengthen bilateral economic ties and safeguard the interests of businesses and consumers in both countries.”

Bangladesh has met the criteria to graduate from Least Developed Country (LDC) status, but serious gaps in trade readiness, macroeconomic stability and institutional strength could threaten a smooth transition in November 2026, according to a new independent assessment commissioned by the United Nations (UN).

The report was prepared at the request of the interim government, which sought an independent review from the United Nations Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States (UN-OHRLLS).

Ahead of the scheduled graduation this year, business leaders had been urging the interim government to seek a delay of up to six years, arguing that the country is not ready for life without special trade privileges.

Shared with the Chief Adviser’s Office earlier this month, the report said that Bangladesh met the graduation thresholds for income, human assets and economic vulnerability in successive UN triennial reviews. The UN General Assembly approved graduation in 2021, granting a five-year preparatory period.

That window, however, has been anything but calm.

“Political instability and governance disruptions have severely constrained policy continuity, weakened institutional cooperation, and delayed or derailed key reform processes,” the report said, adding that the interim government’s mandate was inherently transitional.

Instead of laying the groundwork for a smooth transition, the past five years were marked by overlapping global and domestic shocks.

“Rather than a period of strategic preparation and institutional strengthening, the past five years were largely consumed by crisis management, economic stabilisation, and political survival,” said the report.

A student-led mass uprising in August 2024 brought down the previous government and ushered in an interim administration. “This political upheaval was superimposed on a macroeconomic crisis that had been accumulating for years.”

‘SUBSTANTIAL GAPS’

According to the report, trade preparedness remains a weak spot for Bangladesh.

The country currently enjoys preferential access to markets such as the United Kingdom, and has secured an economic partnership deal with Japan recently. But the European Union remains the biggest risk.

Almost three-quarters of Bangladesh’s merchandise exports benefit from LDC-specific preferences. That makes the transition more complex than for most countries that have graduated in the past.

Progress in energy and logistics has been slow. Besides, the economy still leans heavily on readymade garments, which generate more than four-fifths of export earnings. Efforts to diversify have yet to bear fruit, and new legal frameworks to support exporters are incomplete.

The wider economic backdrop adds to the strain.

Growth has slowed, inflation has stayed high, and the banking sector is in crisis. Public debt has climbed, and exports face global headwinds.

Sustained inflation has eroded purchasing power, pushing an estimated 90 lakh people into poverty. The poverty rate has risen from 18.7 percent in 2022 to about 21.2 percent in 2025, reversing gains made since the 1990s.

“The reversal of poverty reduction gains demonstrates the fragility of development achievements under macroeconomic stress,” the report said.

According to it, institutional readiness is also in question. Implementation of the Smooth Transition Strategy (STS) has been slow, while coordination and monitoring across ministries are patchy.

Non-performing loans have reached historic highs, limiting credit to the private sector.

The report said that real growth, which topped 7 percent before the Covid 19 pandemic, has lost momentum in recent years. Employment fell by 19 lakh between 2023 and 2024, with women bearing the brunt.

Meanwhile, external pressures are mounting.

The United States has imposed reciprocal tariffs of 19 percent on imports from Bangladesh, adding to existing duties and squeezing exporters further. More trade shocks during the transition could drive up adjustment costs.

CRITICAL VULNERABILITIES

The report identifies six major risks to smooth and sustainable graduation. Those are erosion of trade preferences, fiscal fragility, debt sustainability pressures, banking sector weaknesses, structural competitiveness gaps and limited access to climate finance.

Bangladesh currently enjoys duty-free access to the EU. After 2029, clothing exports to the bloc will face tariffs of 12 percent. But market competitors such as India and Vietnam will continue to pay zero duty.

The EU accounts for roughly half of Bangladesh’s exports, meaning even small shifts in competitiveness could have outsized effects.

Safeguard provisions under the EU Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) remain unresolved.

“This represents the single most critical unresolved trade policy challenge with potential to severely erode competitiveness in Bangladesh’s largest export market.”

Another vulnerability is narrowing fiscal space and rising debt burden.

Revenue mobilisation fell to 6.8 percent of GDP in the financial year 2024-2025. Debt servicing now absorbs 31 percent of government revenue. In August 2025, the IMF World Bank Debt Sustainability Analysis moved Bangladesh from “low” to “moderate risk” of debt distress.

“This fiscal fragility severely constrains capacity to finance investments and social protection measures needed for graduation-related adjustments.”

Structural costs further weigh on competitiveness. Logistics costs amount to about 16 percent of GDP, well above the global benchmark of around 10 percent. Energy inefficiencies and infrastructure bottlenecks add to production expenses.

Setting out 157 time-bound actions across five pillars, the STS was adopted only in February 2025, limiting the effective implementation horizon before graduation.

“Stakeholder consultations consistently indicated slow and uneven implementation progress, with limited momentum in competitiveness-critical areas,” the report said.

WHAT NEXT?

The assessment urges Bangladesh to seek a safeguard waiver or alternative arrangement with the EU to avoid steep tariffs on apparel after 2029.

It also calls for faster tax reforms to lift the revenue to GDP ratio, a comprehensive plan to tackle non-performing loans and a reliable, reasonably priced energy supply for exporters.

Due to the “unprecedented and cumulative series of shocks”, many stakeholders believe the country may need three to five more years to prepare, according to the report.

It said Bangladesh could approach the UN Committee for Development Policy (CDP) to request a deferral on the grounds that exceptional circumstances have undermined its readiness.

The report stresses anchoring macroeconomic stability through credible monetary and exchange rate policies, ensuring foreign exchange access for exporters and shoring up the banking system before the graduation clock runs out.

Taking into consideration the prevailing constrained fiscal space and fragile macroeconomic situation, Debapriya Bhattacharya, convenor of the Citizen’s Platform for SDGs, Bangladesh, said the government should implement an economic stabilisation plan with a hard budget constraint for the remainder of the fiscal year (FY) 2025-26.

Implementing a hard budget constraint means the state will not step in when an organisation’s spending exceeds its income and it incurs losses, leaving it to bear the consequences of financial mismanagement and, if necessary, cease operations.

Along with the stabilisation plan, the government should realistically revise the current budget, Bhattacharya said at a media briefing titled “Economic Review at the Outset of the New Government”, held at BRAC Inn Centre in the capital, organised by the platform.

He identified fragile macroeconomic stability, weakened private investment and employment, and diminishing fiscal space as major challenges for the government sworn in on February 17.

In this regard, he added, if the foundation of an economy is weak, its structure cannot remain sustainable.

“Macroeconomic stability is the mother of all reforms,” he said, explaining that it can be assessed through at least four key indicators: inflation, interest rates, the exchange rate or value of the currency, and the domestic and external debt situation.

These four indicators must be closely and continuously monitored by the government, the eminent economist said. If inflation is not controlled, purchasing power declines. If interest rates are misaligned, investment suffers. If the exchange rate is unstable, both importers and exporters face uncertainty. And if the debt burden becomes unsustainable, financial sovereignty may be undermined.

Without consolidating macroeconomic stability, it will not be possible to sustainably increase private investment, generate employment, secure foreign financing, repay external debt, or ensure food security. Therefore, the overriding policy objective must be to restore and strengthen macroeconomic stability, Bhattacharya said.

The platform gave several policy recommendations. “A small cut in policy rate may be considered, as the higher policy rate is not working to reduce inflation,” said Towfiqul Islam Khan, Additional Research Director of the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), while he gave a presentation at the event.

A small and gradual depreciation policy may be pursued, he said, adding it will incentivise remitters and exporters even if their cash incentive is cut. “Prioritisation of public expenditure will be required to reduce wastage as much as possible. Taking a miserly approach for the rest of FY26 is recommended.”

No more public money should be allocated for troubled banks in FY26, he stressed.

Recovery of stolen and bad assets should be given attention, both at technical (including diplomatic) and legal levels.

There should be no compromise in formulating a realistic revised budget for FY26, including projections for the debt stress situation, he added.

Bhattacharya recommended forming a “transition team.” Although not widely practised in Bangladesh, such teams are well established in many countries during a change of government.

The purpose of this team will be to conduct a transparent and systematic assessment of the situation inherited from the outgoing administration, examining financial commitments, contractual obligations, debt exposure, and policy decisions that will affect the incoming government.

This transition team could consist of both political representatives and policy experts. Its task would be to conduct a kind of forensic review of each ministry’s financial and policy position and prepare a comprehensive briefing document. Such documents would serve as the foundation for informed decision-making.

Several areas should receive particular attention, such as the debt situation, both domestic and external. A clear understanding of loan terms, repayment schedules, interest rates, and contingent liabilities is essential for sound policymaking.

Apart from this, foreign agreements and memoranda of understanding (MoU) should be reviewed. Beyond agreements with any single country, all international commitments should be reviewed to assess their obligations, risks, and implications for the new government.

If the country is willing to reconsider aspects of its LDC graduation process, then it is equally reasonable to re-evaluate international commitments in that broader context, the economist said.

“Ultimately, slogans and stated goals are not sufficient. What is needed is a clear roadmap, strengthened institutional capacity, policy coherence, and accountability.”

Talking about several election pledges of the BNP, Khan said that the goal of a one trillion-dollar national GDP by 2034 is achievable.

However, pledges like raising foreign investment to 2.5 percent of GDP, raising the tax-to-GDP ratio to 15 percent, and allocating 5 percent of GDP each to health and education sectors are highly ambitious.

Pursue a coherent mid-term plan with realistic attainment targets in view of the election manifesto, he added.

CPD Distinguished Fellow Mustafizur Rahman also spoke at the event.

Sri Lanka's 2022 sovereign default offers a cautionary lesson for Bangladesh as external borrowing rises and large infrastructure projects expand.

A recent study by researchers from SOAS University of London, comparing the two countries, warns that similar policy patterns could heighten long-term risks if corrective steps are delayed.

From around 2008, both Bangladesh and Sri Lanka shifted towards infrastructure-led growth, investing heavily in ports, highways and energy facilities, often financed through external partners.

In Sri Lanka's case, about 65% of foreign debt accumulated during that period was linked to energy projects, many of which were underutilised and generated limited economic returns.

The result was rising debt without sufficient growth to service it.

The study notes that Bangladesh's external debt has grown rapidly in recent years, alongside significant cost escalations in major infrastructure projects.

Projects awarded through non-competitive government-to-government arrangements were found to be substantially more expensive than those procured through transparent bidding.

Weak oversight and overpricing increase repayment burdens over time.

One key lesson from Sri Lanka is that crises can emerge suddenly.

Gradual increases in debt indicators may appear manageable, but vulnerability surfaces when a country struggles to meet interest or principal payments on time.

The researchers warn that Bangladesh could face a more exposed period between 2028 and 2032 if governance weaknesses persist.

To avoid such a scenario, the study recommends tighter expenditure control, stronger domestic revenue mobilisation and improved project governance.

Ensuring competitive procurement, limiting cost overruns and strengthening institutional oversight would help contain debt risks and protect fiscal stability.

The Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) extended its losing streak today (19 February), marking the fourth consecutive session of decline since the national election.

Over the four trading sessions, the benchmark DSEX shed a cumulative 135 points, reflecting persistent selling pressure and cautious investor sentiment.

Today, the DSEX fell 53 points to close at 5,466. The blue-chip DS30 index dropped 12 points to 2,098, while the Shariah-based DSES declined 10 points to end at 1,095.

Turnover on the premier bourse plunged 40.17% to Tk560 crore, down from Tk936 crore in the previous session, indicating weaker market participation. Of the 392 issues traded, only 46 advanced, while 313 declined and 33 remained unchanged, underscoring the broad-based downturn.

Market participants attributed the slump to investor caution as they assessed the post-election political and economic landscape.

Many investors remained on the sidelines, awaiting clearer signals on policy direction and the formation of a new securities commission.

The lack of clarity regarding regulatory leadership and potential reforms continued to weigh on sentiment.

Analysts said uncertainty over possible regulatory changes and expectations surrounding appointments at the securities regulator contributed to subdued trading activity. Institutional investors, in particular, appeared reluctant to take fresh positions without greater visibility on policy continuity and market-stabilisation measures.

Over the past year, prolonged political uncertainty and regulatory decisions that failed to restore investor confidence have driven a sustained market downturn. A significant number of retail investors exited the market, while institutional and high-net-worth investors largely stayed inactive, leading to notable declines even in fundamentally strong stocks.

All major large-cap sectors closed in the red. The NBFI sector posted the steepest loss, falling 1.75%, followed by Engineering (1.46%), Fuel & Power (1.23%), and Telecommunication (1.20%). Pharmaceuticals declined 0.94%, Food & Allied lost 0.67%, and the Bank sector edged down 0.12%.

Block market transactions accounted for 3.5% of total turnover, reflecting limited negotiated large-volume trades.

Analysts believe the market may gradually stabilise in the coming months if policy consistency and investor-friendly measures are ensured.

Robi Axiata, the country's second-largest mobile network operator, posted a net profit of Tk937 crore in 2025 – its first annual profit since listing on the stock exchange five years ago. The earnings represent a 33.3% year-on-year growth compared to 2024.

Riding on improved profitability, the board recommended a 17.5% cash dividend – Tk1.75 per share – the highest since its market debut in 2020. The proposed payout accounts for 97.8% of the company's total profit for the year. In 2024, Robi declared a 15% cash dividend.

The board approved the financial statements and dividend at a meeting held today (19 February).

Managing Director and CEO Ziad Shatara said that despite a continued decline in voice revenue, the operator managed to deliver positive revenue growth driven by strong expansion in data services. Growth was supported by a substantial increase in data and 4G users, alongside higher data consumption per subscriber.
The Business Standard Google News Keep updated, follow The Business Standard's Google news channel

He noted that sustained high inflation and challenging macroeconomic conditions constrained subscriber spending, moderating overall revenue growth. He also highlighted that 62% of total revenue was contributed to the government exchequer through various taxes, describing the tax regime as excessively burdensome for industry progress.

However, with nearly 70% of active subscribers now using 4G, Shatara said Robi is positioning itself as the preferred operator for digitally savvy consumers.

The company credited its operational excellence strategy for strengthening financial resilience amid a challenging revenue environment. Disciplined capital allocation ensured network investments aligned with demand growth, service quality improvements, and long-term efficiency gains.

In 2025, Robi deployed an additional 4G sites across 40 districts, expanding coverage in underserved areas.

According to a press release, total revenue rose marginally by 0.4% year-on-year to Tk9,992.2 crore. While voice revenue declined 2.9%, data revenue grew 5.1% compared to 2024. Earnings per share stood at Tk1.79.

Total capital expenditure reached Tk1,304.1 crore during the year. In the fourth quarter (October–December), revenue rose 2.9% quarter-on-quarter to Tk2,584.9 crore.

At the end of 2025, Robi's active subscriber base stood at 5.74 crore. Data subscribers reached 4.45 crore, while 4G subscribers totalled 3.99 crore. Data users accounted for 77.5% of active subscribers, and 69.5% were 4G users – the highest proportions among operators in the country.

The operator's network now includes over 19,000 4G sites, achieving 98.98% population coverage. As the first operator to launch 5G services in Bangladesh, Robi said it continues to build the ecosystem necessary for broader 5G expansion.

Robi Axiata is a public limited company majority-owned (61.82%) by Axiata Group Berhad. India-based Bharti Airtel holds 28.18% of the shares, while the remaining 10% is owned by public shareholders.

AGM

The annual general meeting (AGM) has been scheduled for 22 April, while the record date has been fixed for 16 March to determine eligible shareholders.

According to its price-sensitive information, the company's net asset value (NAV) stood at Tk69.86 billion, with NAV per share rising slightly to Tk13.34 from Tk13.08 at the end of 2024.

Its net operating cash flow per share also increased to Tk9.04, up from Tk8.83 in 2024.

Last year, Robi Axiata Limited secured a no-objection certificate from the Bangladesh Bank in favour of SmartPay Limited to operate as a Payment Service Provider (PSP).

SmartPay Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Robi Axiata, is a private company limited by shares incorporated under the Companies Act, 1994. Its principal activity is to provide fintech-driven electronic payment services, including bill payments and other related services.

Aziz Mohammad Bhai, a sponsor director and chairman of Olympic Industries Limited, has announced his intention to purchase 1 crore shares of the company through the block market of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE).

According to a disclosure published on the DSE website today (19 February), he plans to acquire the shares at the prevailing market price within the next 30 working days.

The transaction will be executed through the block market, a platform generally used for large-volume trades between institutional and strategic investors, helping to avoid sharp price fluctuations in the regular trading session.

Following the announcement, Olympic Industries' share price rose 2.10% to Tk155.30 apiece on the Dhaka bourse, reflecting a positive market response to the sponsor director's move.

Market analysts say such declarations are often viewed as a sign of confidence in a company's fundamentals and future prospects.

At the prevailing price of around Tk155 per share, the proposed acquisition of 1 crore shares would amount to approximately Tk155 crore. The sizeable investment is expected to increase the sponsor director's shareholding in the company, although details of his existing stake were not disclosed in the filing.

Olympic Industries is the country's largest branded biscuit manufacturer and a leading player in the fast-moving consumer goods sector. It produces a wide range of biscuits, confectionery and bakery products, supported by a strong distribution network in both domestic and export markets.

According to its financial statements for the July-December period of 2025, the company posted revenue of Tk1,548 crore, up from Tk1,490 crore in the same period a year earlier. Its earnings per share stood at Tk5.99, compared to Tk5.82 previously. As of December 2025, its net asset value per share was Tk65.34.

President Donald Trump said Saturday he is raising the worldwide tariffs on goods entering the United States from 10 percent to 15 percent "effective immediately," a day after the Supreme Court largely struck down his sweeping duties.

Trump said on his Truth Social platform that after a thorough review of Friday's "extraordinarily anti-American decision" by the court to rein in his tariff program, the administration was hiking the import levies "to the fully allowed, and legally tested, 15% level."